Answer :
If the EPA existed in 1948 and aimed to prevent a disaster like the one in Donora, they could mandate changes at the factory such as:
1. Installation of Pollution Control Devices: Mandating the installation of scrubbers and filters at the factory could help reduce emissions of harmful pollutants. Scrubbers can remove sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the factory's emissions, while filters can capture particulate matter (PM) before it is released into the air.
2. Implementing Emission Standards: Setting specific limits on the amount of pollutants that the factory is allowed to emit can ensure that the air quality in Donora is protected. By enforcing emission standards for pollutants like sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter, the factory can be held accountable for its environmental impact.
3. Switching to Cleaner Production Methods: Encouraging the factory to adopt cleaner production methods, such as using cleaner fuels or upgrading industrial processes to reduce emissions, can lead to a significant reduction in air pollution. For example, switching from coal to natural gas as a fuel source can lower sulfur dioxide emissions, improving air quality in Donora.
By implementing these changes, the factory can effectively reduce the levels of harmful pollutants in the air in Donora, improving the overall environmental and public health conditions in the area.