_1. Which Best describes the first law of thermodynamics?
a) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter.
b) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another.
c) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter.
d) Some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs.
e) Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one useful form to another.
_____2. Which Best describes the second law of thermodynamics?
a) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change into matter.
b) Energy is not created nor destroyed, but it can change from one energy form to another.
c) Energy can be created from matter or used to produce matter.
d) Some useful energy is lost as heat whenever an energy transfer occurs.
e) Energy transfers are always 100% efficient in changing energy from one useful form to another.
_____3. All of the biochemical pathways in a cell constitute
a) coupling reactions
b) free energy
c) endergonic reactions only
d) exergonic reactions only
e) metabolism
_____4. Coupling occurs when the energy by an exergonic reaction is
a) used to drive another exergonic reaction.
b) used to drive an endergonic reaction.
c) lost as nonusable heat to the environment.
d) used to decrease the entropy of the universe.
e) All of the above are correct.
_____5. The subunits from which ATP is made are
a) ADP and phosphate
b) FAD and NAD+
c) FAD and NADPH
d) ADP and FAD
e) ADP and NAD+
_____6. ATP is considered to be
a) an enzyme used widely in all kinds of cells.
b) a molecule that carries a great deal of chemical energy in a chemical bond.
c) a coenzyme used to inhibit or activate different enzymes.
d) the precursor of a high energy membrane bounded protein.
____7. Which of the following is characteristic of enzymes?
a) They lower the energy of activation of a reaction by binding the substrate.
b) They raise the energy of activation of a reaction by binding the substrate.
c) They lower the amount of energy present in the substrate.
_____8. Which statement describes the currently accepted theory of how an enzyme and its substrate fit together?
a) As the product is released, the enzyme breaks down.
b) The enzyme is like a key that fits into the substrate, which is like a lock.
c) The active site is permanently changed by its interaction with the substrate.
d)Induced Fit Model- As the substrate binds to the enzyme, the shape of the enzyme site changes to accommodate the reaction.
_____9. Which statement is Not true about the effects of various conditions on the activity of an enzyme?
a) Higher temperatures generally increase the activity of an enzyme up to a point.
b) Above a certain range of temperatures, the protein of an enzyme is denatured.
c) A change in pH can cause an enzyme to be inactivated.