A nurse practitioner (NP) has drafted a new instrument aimed at measuring pain in clients in a postanesthesia care unit. Some of the NP's colleagues have called into question the validity of the instrument. What could the colleagues have noticed in the instrument that would cause them to question its validity?
a) The instrument is written at a reading level that is too high for the average client.
b) The instrument can result in widely different scores depending upon the person using the instrument.
c) The instrument measures the client's satisfaction with pain management and not the client's actual pain.
d) The nurse practitioner did not integrate existing evidence into the development of the instrument.